Chao YP, et al. - In this cross-sectional observational study, researchers explored the connection between arm circumference (AC), calf circumference (CC) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The study population included 11,527 candidates (aged 40 to 85 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999 to 2006. The data presented in this work showed a significant negative link between the CC and HOMA-IR after adjustment for multiple covariates. After multiple adjustments, a significant positive relationship was found between the AC and HOMA-IR. In both male and female group, subjects in the highest CC quartiles tended to have the lowest HOMA-IR. In middle-aged and older people, CC can be a novel tool to guide public health policy and clinical predictor of IR.