Martin-Aragon T, et al. - Researchers used the heterogeneous model of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), characterized by a risk pattern of dominant systemic progression, to assess the effectiveness of oxaliplatin in adjuvant administration (chemotherapy, CT) relative to the total administered dose, in terms of prognosis with other clinical and therapeutic factors. In the subgroups of patients that showed elements of response to neoadjuvant oxaliplatin (categories TRG 3–4, and pN0, downstaging T, downstaging N), adjuvant oxaliplatin had favorable impact on locoregional control, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Overall, a population of oxaliplatin-sensitive patients who benefits significantly from the administration of adjuvant oxaliplatin in sufficient cumulative doses (more of 5 cycles) is defined by this neoadjuvant response profile with oxaliplatin, measured with highly reliable methodology (validated microscopic pathological response scales).