Cuadrado E, et al. – This study entails the development as well as validation of a tool, named as the Self–Efficacy Scale for Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (SESAMeD), for assessing the patients’ confidence of their ability to adhere to the Mediterranean diet. This instrument showed potential for providing assistance to health professionals and researchers to assess patients’ confidence of their ability to adhere to the Mediterranean diet, a psychological variable that may affect adherence to this healthy food consumption pattern.