Acan D, et al. - Researchers sought to assess the prevalence of diabetic macular edema (DME) utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to clarify the impacts of the systemic findings and risk factors on the development of DME. They conducted this cross-sectional study in the departments of ophthalmology and endocrinology at the Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine in Izmir, Turkey. The prevalence of DME in Turkey was demonstrated by utilizing OCT. Among the patients, the prevalence of DME was 15.3%. Compared to the females, DME was exhibited by males significantly more frequently, and the duration of diabetes was significantly longer in those patients with DME. Statistically significant factors with regard to the DME prevalence were the patient’s alcohol consumption, nephropathy, neuropathy, previous cataract surgery, severity of diabetic retinopathy, and insulin usage. By the regulation of the DME risk factors, development of DME could be avoided or limited and the response to treatment could be improved.