The prevalence and importance of frailty in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: An analysis of PARADIGM‐HF and ATMOSPHERE
European Journal of Heart Failure Dec 08, 2020
Dewan P, Jackson A, Jhund PS, et al. - Researchers investigated the frequency of, as well as the outcomes associated with, frailty in patients experiencing heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). By applying a 42‐item frailty index (FI), which was developed by using a cumulative deficits approach, experts identified frail patients enrolled in two HFrEF trials (PARADIGM‐HF and ATMOSPHERE). In keeping with earlier investigations, patients with FI ≤ 0.210 were grouped as non‐frail and patients with higher scores were split into two groups using score increments of 0.100. Older age and more symptoms and signs of heart failure were present in the frailest patients. Females were frailer than males. In the frailest, all outcomes were worse and the rates of all‐cause death or all‐cause hospitalization were high. Overall, findings demonstrated a high prevalence of frailty in HFrEF. Greater deterioration in quality of life and higher risk of hospitalization and death were reported in relation to frailty in this patient population. Therefore, there is a necessity for strategies to prevent as well as treat frailty in HFrEF.
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