Ikenouchi T, Inaba O, Takamiya T, et al. - Researchers investigated how the selection of cryoballoon (CB) or radiofrequency (RF) ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients could be impacted by left atrium (LA) enlargement. They performed a retrospective analysis of 2,224 AF patients (64.4 ± 10.7 years, 65.5% male) who underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Prior to the procedures, measurements of left atrial diameter (LAD) and volume (LAV) were obtained using echocardiography. The identified independent predictors of recurrence in Cox proportional hazard analysis were: LAD, LAV, and LAV index (LAVI). CB ablation conferred short procedure time and efficacy, and thus may be recommended for patients without enlarged LA, while RF would afford a more appropriate treatment choice in large LAs. Experts inferred that LAVI may be a worthy reference to predict PVI results and in choosing the ablation method.