Cheng L, et al. - In patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), researchers assessed the impact of short-term intensive insulin therapy on circulating T cell subpopulations. There were a total of 113 patients with T2DM and 28 normal patients. The proportion of Th1 cells and the ratio of Th1/Th2 increased compared to normal subjects, the proportion of Treg cells decreased in T2DM patients. Findings suggested that short-term intensive insulin therapy in patients with T2DM could modulate circulating T cell subpopulations, which could alleviate inflammatory responses caused by hyperglycemia.