Nwabuo CC, Appiah D, Moreira HT, et al. - Researchers explored the correlation between temporal changes in resting heart rate in young adults and early adult risk factors, subsequent cardiac function, and the risk of heart failure and cardiovascular by middle age. In this study, a total of 4,343 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants (mean (SD) age was 29.9 (3.6) years at the CARDIA Year-5 exam [1990-1991], 49% of participants were men, and 45% were African-American) were included. Adjusted linear regression models were applied to evaluate the correlation between temporal changes in resting heart rate, early life cardiovascular disease risk factors, and mid-life cardiac function. They used Cox proportional hazard regression models to relate temporal variations in resting heart rate to heart failure and cardiovascular disease. In young adults, baseline and temporal changes in resting heart rate were correlated with incident heart failure and cardiovascular disease by mid-life. The data showed associations between temporal increases in resting heart rate and early adult risk factors and subsequent cardiac dysfunction.