Petri M, Watts SD, Higgs RE, et al. - In this study, combinatorial analysis of four molecular biomarkers was applied to characterize key sources of heterogeneity. Researchers applied combinations of IFN(high/low), anti-dsDNA(+/-), C3, and C4(low/normal) to subset n = 1,747 patients from two randomized phase 3 trials. A total of 2,262 patients have included in this study of which  1,747 patients had data for IFN, anti-dsDNA, C3, and C4 at baseline. The results of this study exhibited that the combinatorial analysis of 4 molecular biomarkers revealed subsets of SLE patients that discriminated by disease manifestations, concomitant medication use, geography, time to severe flare, and SRI-4 response. These data may be beneficial for designing clinical trials and distinguishing subsets of patients for analysis.