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Sociodemographic and clinical determinants of in-facility case fatality rate for 938 adult Ebola patients treated at Sierra Leone Ebola treatment center

BMC Infectious Diseases Apr 25, 2020

Kangbai JB, Heumann C, Hoelscher M, et al. - Researchers conducted this study to determine those sociodemographic and clinical features that are predictive of in-facility mortality among Ebola virus disease (EVD) patients using a large sample size. The anonymized medical records of 938 laboratory-confirmed EVD patients (median age: 33 years; 59.0% male) were analyzed; these patients were provided treatment at The 34 Military Hospital and The Police Training School EVD Treatment Centers in Sierra Leone in the period June 2014 to April 2015.  The majority of the EVD cases had secondary level education (79.3%). Overall, there was a low in-facility case fatality rate of 26.4%. Statistically significant associations were observed between case fatality rates and EVD patients who reported fever, abdominal pain, cough, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, hemorrhage, dysphagia, conjunctival injection, dyspnea, and skin rash at the time of admission. A simple model was developed that can be optimally employed alongside other rapid EVD diagnostic tools to recognize EVD in-facility treatment mortality predictors based on the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical symptoms of adult EVD patients. Further, low EVD cases were reported among patients with secondary and tertiary education. The comparatively lower case fatality rate were possibly due to these subpopulations of the patients who are generally informed about the signs and symptoms of EVD, alongside the treatment regimen.

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