du Fay de Lavallaz J, Badertscher P, Kobori A, et al. - Researchers analyzed the relevant randomized controlled trials as well as prospective observational studies with at least 1 year of follow-up, to compare the efficacy, safety, as well as procedural characteristics of cryoballoon (CB) and radiofrequency among women and men undergoing a first pulmonary vein isolation procedure for atrial fibrillation (AF). Overall 4,840 men and 1,979 women from 18 studies were examined. Findings revealed the link of CB with less long-term failures among men. In women, higher success rates could be achieved by acquiring a better understanding of AF-causal gender-specific mechanisms as well as refinements in CB technologies.