Hoshida S, et al. - Given that elderly hypertensive women had been previously found to exhibit a significantly higher index of afterload-related left ventricular diastolic function, operant diastolic elastance (Ed)/effective arterial elastance (Ea) = E/e’/(0.9 × systolic blood pressure), researchers looked for gender-associated disparities in the E/e’-related indices for left ventricular diastolic function and their related factors during admission in 267 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (men/women, 116/151). By age, patients were divided into 2 groups (≥75 years, n = 212; <75 years, n = 55). They found that, elderly HFpEF women had higher afterload-related left ventricular diastolic elastance, Ed/Ea, in association with higher arterial elastance, Ea, accompanied by left atrioventricular volume mismatch.