Menza TW, et al. - In view of the observation that despite a common occurrence of rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia and their predictive value for HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM), no routine screening for rectal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is done, researchers examined 403 sexually active MSM in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area to determine self-reported rectal STI screening in the prior 12 months among those who had a healthcare visit in the same time period. In addition, they appraised the prevalence and predictors of screening stratified by HIV status and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use. Among the participants, rectal STI screening was reported in 162 (40.2%). The screening was reported in 60 (25.7%) of 233 HIV-negative men who did not report PrEP use in the prior 12 month and was identified to be independently associated with having a healthcare provider who offered HIV testing and condomless anal sex with casual partners in the prior 12 months among these participants. Among the 88 HIV-negative men who reported PrEP use in the prior 12 months, screening was reported in 61 (69.3%) participants and was more frequently observed among those with a syphilis diagnosis in the prior 12 months than those without syphilis. Among 69 men living with HIV-reported, screening was reported in 41 (59.4%) and was more frequent among men living with HIV who reported having a provider who always or often initiates conversations about sex compared with men who did not have such a provider. Findings emphasize the necessity of increasing rectal STI screening via implementing innovative, acceptable, and accessible screening practices, enhancing health literacy around STI screening and improving provider comfort with talking about sex.