Chien YW, et al. - Researchers used the National Health Insurance Research Databases in Taiwan to investigate if dengue was related to a higher risk of leukemia in this nationwide population-based cohort analysis. They selected laboratory-verified dengue patients between 2002 and 2011 and randomly picked five matched non-dengue controls for each patient. A follow-up until December 31, 2015, was performed. This analysis involved 12,573 patients with dengue and 62,865 non-dengue controls. A higher risk of leukemia was reported in patients with dengue. A significant link of dengue virus infection with a higher risk of leukemia only between 3 and 6 years post-infection was revealed in stratified analyses by different follow-up periods. No significant link between dengue and the risk of other cancers was identified. This work affords the first epidemiologic proof for the link between dengue virus infection and leukemia.