Huang J, et al. - Researchers examined the relationship of serum α-tocopherol (the predominant form of vitamin E) with long-term overall and cause-specific mortality. In addition, they evaluated the dose-response relationships with better quantification of the associations. From the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention study that originally tested vitamin E and β-carotene supplementation, a total of 29,092 participants underwent biochemical analysis. During a 30-year follow-up, 23,787 deaths were reported, including deaths from cardiovascular disease (9,867), cancer (7,687), respiratory disease (2,161), diabetes mellitus (119), injuries and accidents (1,255), and other causes (2,698). Men with higher serum α-tocopherol showed significantly lower all-cause mortality, and significantly reduced mortality from cardiovascular disease, heart disease, stroke, cancer, respiratory disease, and other causes—with risk reductions from 17% to 47% for the highest vs lowest quintile after adjusting for major risk factors. Findings thereby suggested a correlation of higher baseline serum α-tocopherol biochemical status with a lower risk of overall mortality and mortality from all major causes. In all, higher serum α-tocopherol may have long-term health benefits for overall and chronic disease mortality.