Reduction in glycated hemoglobin and daily insulin dose alongside circadian clock upregulation in patients with type 2 diabetes consuming a three-meal diet: A randomized clinical trial
Diabetes Care Oct 03, 2019
Jakubowicz D, Landau Z, Tsameret S, et al. - In this randomized clinical trial involving 28 volunteers with diabetes (BMI 32.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2 and HbA1c 8.1 ± 1.1% [64.5 ± 11.9 mmol/mol]), researchers ascertained if a three-meal diet (3Mdiet) with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast could upregulate the expression of the clock gene and thus allow insulin dose reduction, leading to weight loss and better glycemic control vs an isocaloric six-meal diet (6Mdiet). Study participants were randomly assigned to 3Mdiet or 6Mdiet. Unlike an isocaloric 6Mdiet, a 3Mdiet results in weight loss, a significant reduction in HbA1c, appetite, and overall glycemia, with a reduction in daily insulin. Upregulation of clock genes seen in this diet intervention could help improve the metabolism of glucose. On the 3Mdiet, clock genes displayed oscillation, increased expression, and higher amplitude compared with the 6Mdiet.
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