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Pulmonary tuberculosis disease among immigrant detainees: Rapid disease detection, high prevalence of asymptomatic disease and implications for tuberculosis prevention

Clinical Infectious Diseases Apr 21, 2020

Boardman NJ, Moore T, Freiman J, et al. - Researchers conducted this analysis describing the demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of individuals identified with tuberculosis (TB) disease at immigrant detention facilities. The population of immigrant detainees recognized via chest radiograph with pulmonary TB (PTB) disease between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016 at facilities with IHSC medical staffing was described via performing a retrospective analysis. PTB disease was confirmed in 327 patients (incidence rate: 92.8 per 100,000); no symptom was evident in the majority of patients (79.2%) at diagnosis. This indicate asymptomatic PTB disease as a significant clinical entity among immigrant detainees. Symptomatic status was recorded in significant correlation with the presence of cavitary lesions, AFB smear positivity, and multi-lobar presentation. Among all cases detected with TB disease who had a TST result recorded, 27.2% were both asymptomatic and TST negative, including those with smear positive disease. They recommend undertaking aggressive screening in correlation to placement in a congregate setting to prevent transmission. Not only the health of the patient, but also the surrounding community benefits from early identification, isolation, and treatment of TB disease.

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