Jobs A, et al. - In this retrospective single center study, researchers determined if atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by analyzing data from 1,286 patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Based on AF status (ie, “never AF”, “history of AF”, or “AF on admission”) and type of heart failure, they categorized patients. Using a chart review, they extracted patient and treatment characteristics. Death registry linkage was used to determine all-cause mortality within 3 years following index hospitalization (primary outcome). In the environment of ADHF, occurrence of AF was common, and is related to increased all-cause mortality. However, this link was significant only in patients with HFpEF, but not in patients with HFrEF.