Jhun BW, Moon SM, Jeon K, et al. - Among patients with newly diagnosed and treatment-naïve nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), researchers explored the prognostic factors related to long-term mortality after adjusting for individual confounders, including causative organism and radiological form. For the NTM-PD patients, the overall 5-, 10-, and 15-year cumulative mortality rates were estimated to be 12.4%, 24.0%, and 36.4%, respectively. Old age, male gender, low body mass index, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary or extrapulmonary malignancy, chronic heart or liver disease, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were found to be significantly related to mortality in NTM-PD patients, as revealed in multivariable analysis. In this patient population, findings revealed a significant association of long-term mortality with the etiologic NTM organism, cavitary disease, and certain demographic features.