Xiao Q, et al. - Researchers compared features of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) between Chinese and US patients and assessed optimal treatment approaches in the Chinese cohort. From two cancer centers in China, they obtained data from 137 Chinese SCCE patients, these data were compared with 385 SCCE patients registered in the US SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) program. In Chinese patients, further evaluation of prognostic factors was performed. Baseline features were balanced between the groups by using propensity score matching (PSM). They found that the tumor features and treatment modalities of SCCE varied enormously between Chinese and US patients, however, both groups had similarly poor SCCE prognosis. For localized disease, surgery was recommended, while for patients with regional and extensive disease chemoradiotherapy was advised.