Yanga Q, Ruana Q, Liu X, et al. - In this prospective, open-label, controlled study, 513 people with silicosis were randomly chosen for TB preventive treatment with rifapentine and isoniazid or for observation in order to ascertain whether T-cell interferon-γ responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens could be affected by tuberculosis preventive treatment in a high-endemic country. A total of 220 people were involved in the final analysis, ie, 105 in the prevention and 115 in observation arms. It was discovered that in a high tuberculosis-endemic country, preventive tuberculosis treatment had no influence on interferon-γ responses measuring through serial QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assays.