Song M, et al. - Using two prospective cohorts of smokers (n = 53,195) and nonsmokers (n = 62,842), researchers evaluated the risk of total carcinoma in relation to body mass index, weight change, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. They calculated the population attributable risk (PAR) for healthy lifestyle, leveraging the national prevalence estimates. Among women, the PAR (95% CI) for healthy lifestyle was estimated to be 18% (14-22%) and 14% (10-19%) in nonsmokers and in smokers, respectively. This was estimated to be 20% (12-27%) and 11% (5-17%) in nonsmokers and in smokers among men, respectively. In nonsmokers vs smokers, a substantially higher proportion of carcinoma cases were attributable to adiposity, whereas, the contribution of alcohol was found to be greater in smokers vs nonsmokers. A great potential of lifestyle modification for attenuating cancer risk in both smokers and nonsmokers was suggested in this study. For preventing cancer in nonsmokers and smokers, they recommended prioritizing weight control and decreasing alcohol intake, respectively.