Hevey MA, et al. - Through a single-center retrospective cohort study of 304 patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis (cryptococcus neoformans infection), researchers defined the variances in clinical presentation and mortality by immune status in the antiretroviral therapy era. Out of the 305 patients, 105 were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 41 had a history of transplantation, and 158 were non-HIV nontransplant (NHNT). HIV patients were younger than transplant and NHNT patients. In comparison with those with a previous transplant, disseminated cryptococcosis was more common in individuals who had HIV. NHNT patients were at a higher risk of 90-day mortality and had more localized pulmonary cryptococcosis vs people living with HIV. Hence, cryptococcosis requires a higher level of clinical scrutiny than it currently receives.