Jeon D, Chang EG, McGing M, et al. - Via performing a cross-sectional study of otherwise healthy HIV-infected individuals enrolled between September 2016 and June 2017, researchers investigated if pulmonary function and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Assessment Test scores in HIV-infected individuals are correlated with the four pneumoproteins [pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC/CCL-18), surfactant protein-D, club cell secretory protein-16, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products] that are known markers of lung injury and inflammation and are associated with COPD in HIV-uninfected individuals. This is the first exploratory analysis characterizing the correlations between these four pneumoproteins and pulmonary function in an HIV-infected cohort. Findings suggest that HIV-associated COPD may differ from non-HIV-associated COPD regarding the pathogenesis, due to HIV-specific inflammatory changes affecting the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. Structural and functional pulmonary abnormalities were observed in correlation with PARC/CCL-18 and hence it may be an important COPD biomarker candidate in HIV infection. This study represents a preliminary step towards determining clinically important COPD biomarkers in high-risk populations.