Nishimura J, et al. - In patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, researchers assessed the effectiveness of a preoperative CAPOX chemotherapy regimen without radiation therapy in this phase II trial. For this trial, they involved 45 patients from 9 institutions between 2012 and 2014. It was noted that most patients received preoperative chemotherapy (CTx). They found that the preoperative CTx completion rate was 95.2% and the pathological complete response rate was 7.3%. For locally advanced rectal cancer, CAPOX followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) could be a safe treatment strategy.