Ramière C, et al. - Given the description of sexually transmitted acute HCV infections (AHI) in mainly HIV-infected men having sex with men (MSM), researchers examined 108 cases of AHI diagnosed in MSM (80 first infections, 28 reinfections) in Lyon University Hospital from 2014 to 2017 to delineate the epidemic of AHI. Further, they sought the patterns of transmission in HIV-infected and in HIV-negative MSM. Both HIV-infected and HIV-negative MSM showed an increase in AHI incidence. As per cluster analysis, the initial transmission was suggested from HIV-infected to HIV-negative MSM through chemsex and traumatic sexual practices, which results in mixed patterns of transmission regardless of HIV status and no overlap with the general population. They emphasize screening of at-risk patients, targeted harm reduction interventions and early HCV treatment to check this epidemic.