Suh YS, Lee J, Woo H, et al. - In this nationwide, population-based study, researchers assessed the nationwide benefit and cost of the national cancer screening program (NCSP) for gastric cancer [fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world] treatment. The Korean National Health Insurance Big Data Base, which involved gastric cancer–related treatment information and the costs for all individuals with gastric cancer who were 40 years old or older between 2004 and 2013, was restructured. Gastric cancer patients who participated at least once in the NCSP (the screening group) were contrasted with those who did not participate in the NCSP (the non-screening group). During the 5 years after initial treatment, the screening group (n = 116,775) spent slightly less on medical care costs than the non-screening group (n = 74,927). The screening group exhibited a significantly better prognosis compared with the nonscreening group. The NCSP for gastric cancer was cost-effective for treatment prognosis on the basis of the gross domestic product per capita.