Poizot-Martin I, et al. - Given a higher risk of autoimmune diseases and T-cell dysfunction in correlation with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV infections, researchers sought the prevalence of and factors associated with autoimmune antinuclear (ANA), anti–smooth muscle actin (aSMA), and anti–liver kidney microsome (aLKM1) antibodies (Ab) in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients during the post–combined antiretroviral therapy era. From the ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort, researchers selected patients with both ANA testing and T-cell immunophenotyping determination during the cohort follow-up and collected aLKM1 and aSMA data when available for this cross-sectional observational study. Outcomes revealed that during the post–combined antiretroviral therapy era, ANA and aSMA are frequently encountered in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients, despite fair immune restoration. Hence they suggest performing close monitoring of ANA in these patients before immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with greater caution for those with a low nadir CD4 T-cell count.