Olén O, et al. - In this Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study 1964–2014, researchers investigated all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adult-onset and elderly-onset IBD and characterized time trends in mortality over the past 50 years. They used multivariable Cox regression to estimate HRs to compare mortality in 82,718 incident IBD cases with 10 times as many matched general population reference individuals (n=801,180). According to results, IBD was associated with higher rates of multiple death causes, including cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and digestive disease. Investigators found that adult-onset and elderly-onset patients with UC, Crohn’s disease and IBD-unclassified were all at increased risk of death. After the introduction of biological therapies, the increased mortality remained but declined over time.