Castilho JL, Rebeiro PF, Shepherd BE, et al. - Given a correlation of mood disorders (major depression and bipolar affective disorder) with noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk in the general population, researchers here examined people living with HIV (PLWH) who exhibit high rates of mood disorders for association between prevalent mood disorders and incident NCDs and multimorbidity (accumulation of ≥ 2 NCDs). Assessment of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome (any 3 of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or obesity), chronic kidney and liver disease, non–AIDS-defining cancers, and dementia was done among PLWH with ≥ 1 year of follow-up at the setting of a clinic in Nashville, Tennessee, between 1998 and 2015. They assessed 4,140 adults; among these, 24% had a mood disorder diagnosed in the first year of care; ≥ 1 NCD was reported in 51% at baseline; 2,588 incident NCDs were reported during the study period. The analysis revealed a correlation of mood disorders with a heightened risk of first NCD, incident multimorbidity, and metabolic syndrome. The burden of multimorbidity in this high-risk group may reduce with focused prevention and treatment of NCDs.