Bulabula ANH, et al. - This study aimed at summarizing published studies on the prevalence of and risk factors for maternal bacterial colonization and/or infection with extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in pregnant and/or post-partum women in Africa. Findings revealed that prevalence of colonization and/or infection with ESBL-E in pregnant and post-partum women in Africa exceeds that reported from high-and - middle income settings. This thereby suggested a risk for subsequent neonatal colonization and/or infection with ESBL-E.