Konieczna J, et al. - In this investigation, researchers have identified the correlation of longitudinal changes in adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with the transition between various phenotypes of obesity. Data from PREDIMED trial were used for 5,801 older men and women at high cardiovascular risk. With the validated 14p-Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), adherence to MedDiet was measured. Study participants were categorized into one of four phenotypes using the simultaneous combination of metabolic health- and body size-related parameters: metabolically healthy and abnormal obese (MHO and MAO), metabolically healthy and abnormal non-obese (MHNO and MANO). Findings revealed that better adherence to traditional MedDiet was linked to conversions to healthier phenotypes, endorsing the improved metabolic health in MAO, MANO (women only), and MHO, and protecting against obesity in MHNO subjects.