Putko BN, Savu A, Kaul P, et al. - This study was undertaken to determine if left atrium (LA) volume and its contribution to stroke volume (SV) would predict a composite endpoint of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or death in patients with HF. Fifty-seven controls and 86 patients with HF, including preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), were involved. They used cardiac MRI to assess LA volumes and contribution to LV SV. Plasma mid-region pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) has been assessed. In HFrEF but not in HFpEF, LA volume was negatively correlated with LVEF and positively related to LV mass. Active contribution to SV was negatively linked to the composite endpoint in HFpEF, but not HFrEF per 10% increase. Different relationships were observed between LA remodelling and biomarkers in HFrEF and HFpEF. The findings support the hypothesis that HFpEF and HFrEF's pathophysiological underpinnings are distinctive, and atrial remodelling involves distinct components for each HF subtype.