Froehlich L, Meyre P, Aeschbacher S, et al. - Researchers sought to examine if patients with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) differ in the prognostic value of left atrial (LA) dimensions. Searching MEDLINE and EMBASE, they identified 23 relevant studies of patients with AF (14,939 patients) and 68 relevant studies of patients without AF (50,720 patients). The outcomes revealed a significant association of increasing LA diameter with stroke and thromboembolic events in patients without AF, but not in patients with AF. They observed a significant association of increasing LA diameter index with MACE in patients with AF and in patients without AF, with stronger effects in non-AF populations. Patients with AF and non-AF populations showed a significant association of greater LA volume index with the risk of MACE, the association was stronger in individuals without AF. This work emphasizes the potential importance of LA myopathy as many of the associations were stronger in individuals without AF.