Naka KK, et al. - This study was undertaken to examine the modulatory impact of interleukin-1 (IL-1) genotypes on lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]-mediated cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Findings demonstrated that pro-inflammatory IL-1(+) genotypes had a modulatory impact on the risk of Lp(a) long-term CVD events and coronary artery disease (CAD). It was suggested that younger subjects at particularly high risk for CVD events may be detected taking into account the dual genetic contributions of elevated Lp(a) levels and IL-1(+) genotypes.