Kim HY, et al. - Experts probed the efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in a hepatitis B-endemic population. Findings suggested that owing to earlier diagnosis and curative treatment, HCC surveillance was related to longer survival. With regular surveillance, survival advantage was significant but not with irregular surveillance. Compared to the irregular surveillance or nonsurveillance groups, patients in the regular surveillance group were diagnosed at earlier stages and had more chance for curative treatments. Experts noted that in the regular surveillance group, mortality risk was significantly lower but not in the irregular surveillance group compared with the nonsurveillance group after adjusting for confounding factors and lead-time.