Aldersley J, et al. - Researchers performed a prospective study examining anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk in HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study from 1984 to 2014. Among 5298 participants with 79,334 person-years follow-up, 53 cases of anal SCC were identified. They observed an association of past or current HBV infection with anal SCC risk among HIV-positive men in models adjusted for age, CD4+ cell counts, HAART use, and other risk factors. Additional risk factors comprised immunological parameters 1 and 6 years prior to diagnosis. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) for prior HBV and anal SCC risk was similar among HIV-negative men, but NS due to small number of cases. Findings thus suggest screening as beneficial for HIV-positive MSM with prior HBV infection.