Ma TL, et al. - In this investigation involving 535 non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, researchers studied the incidence and predictors of retreatment after discontinuation of either entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment in Taiwan. Upon avoiding ETV and TDF therapy, patients were followed up for at least 12 months. According to the criteria of retreatment of Taiwan's National Health Plan, the 5-year cumulative incidences of retreatment were 47% in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients and 54.8% in HBeAg-negative patients following discontinuation of either ETV or TDF therapy. HBeAg-positive patients who stopped TDF therapy had significantly higher rates of retreatment compared with HBeAg-positive patients who stopped ETV therapy. In order to reduce the risk of hepatic failure or mortality after discontinuation of NA therapy, close monitoring for timely retreatment is necessary.