Wittawatmongkol O, et al. - Male adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) and those without HIV in Thailand were matched in order to assess how risk for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection at oral, anal, penile, and scrotal sites differs between the two groups. Researchers enrolled a total of 49 PHIV and 47 HIV-uninfected male AYAs (median age 18 [17–20] years). Overall, 18 participants were men who have sex with men (12% of PHIV, 26% of HIV-uninfected AYAs). Multivariate models revealed the correlation of high-risk HPV infection with smoking and prior history of STI symptoms. They identified HPV vaccination as a valuable but missed prevention opportunity in early adolescence. The prevalence of any HPV infection was 61% in PHIV and 49% in HIV-uninfected AYAs. Prevalence of high-risk HPV was 33% in PHIV and 28% in HIV-uninfected AYAs.