Global Burden of Disease Health Financing Collaborator Network, et al. - Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims at “ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages”. Researchers here sought to measure progress in financing the priority areas of SDG3 using spending estimates. In addition, they investigated the link between outcomes and financing, and sought where resource gains are most required to achieve the SDG3 indicators for which data are available. For 195 countries and territories, domestic health spending, disaggregated by source (government, out-of-pocket, and prepaid private), was estimated from 1995 to 2017. Analysis revealed an increase in health spending on SDG3 priority areas, but this increase was not observed in all countries. Mixed progress was observed towards meeting the SDG3 targets and it varied by country and by target. Evidence on the scale-up of spending and improvements in health outcomes was gained indicating a nuanced correlation, such that increases in spending do not always lead to improvements in outcomes. Although more resources may be required by the countries to achieve SDG3, they may also need to address other constraints in the broader health system such as inefficient allocation of resources across interventions and populations, weak governance systems, human resource shortages, and drug shortages.