Limonnik V, Abel S, Finley GG, et al. - In patients undergoing chemotherapy (ChT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced (Stage III) large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung, researchers analyzed management trends, predictors of treatment receipt, and results. For this purpose, they used the National Cancer Database. They included 5,797 patients, 54% of whom received CRT (n = 3,153) while 46% (n = 2,644) received ChT alone. In patients treated with ChT vs those receiving CRT, the median overall survival was reported to be 11.9 months vs 16.1 months, respectively and at 1, 3, and 5 years, the overall survival was estimated to be 50%, 20%, and 13% vs 60%, 27%, and 18% in these respective treatment groups. Factors that were shown to be related to reduced OS in multivariable analysis were older age, greater comorbidity score, presence of N2 disease, and presence of T4 disease. Patients were less likely to receive CRT if they were older and if they had higher comorbidity scores; patients more likely to receive CRT if they had a higher education level, treatment receipt at an academic/research program facility, N2 disease, and later treatment year. Findings demonstrated that increased overall survival was independently predicted by definitive CRT in this patient population.