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Evaluation of the positional relationship between femoral arteries and distal screws in the proximal femoral intramedullary nail for preventing iatrogenic vascular injury

Injury Oct 10, 2019

Asano Y, et al. - Using CT angiography, researchers studied the positional link between distal screws and superficial, deep, and perforating femoral artery (PFA) and identified the risk factors of vascular injury. Included were 38 patients (11 patients who had osteosynthesis with proximal femoral intramedullary nail and 27 healthy people) who had CT angiography. Data reported that the distance from the great trochanter tip to the distal screw was 142.5 ± 8.8 mm and the insertion angle from the reference line was 27.3° ± 15°. According to findings, the risk of DFA injury was the highest within the angle that distal screws were likely to be inserted. Therefore, anatomical reduction of the femoral neck anteversion should be done so that the distal screw is inserted into the thigh towards the anteromedial region and care should be taken not to over-drill the medial femoral cortex.
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