Klein K, et al. - Researchers assessed the impact of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) policy on treatment success and default rates in a prospective cohort of socioeconomically disadvantaged tuberculosis (TB) patients. Participants in the study were 962 patients with a first diagnosis of TB seen in a large number of healthcare clinics and followed them up during their treatment period. Outcomes revealed that those registered for the CCT program exhibited significantly higher success rates (82% vs 69%) and lower discontinuation of treatment (11% vs 20%) vs those not in the program, taking into account many other important individual and health system factors. According to findings, the CCT seems to be a valuable intervention in health policy to improve the outcomes of TB treatment. The incorporation of these interventions as established policies can have a significant impact on TB control in similar high-burden areas.