Zhou Q, et al. - This is the first study estimating the extra length of stay (LOS) and risk factors of mortality attributable to healthcare-associated infection (HCAI), infection acquired during the hospitalization in a patient which was not present or incubating before admission, for inpatients. A total of 51,691 inpatients were involved and HCAI was developed in 1,709 of them. The most prevalent HCAI and causative pathogen in the surveyed institute were lower respiratory tract infection and Acinetobacter baumannii. Male patients' extra LOS attributed to HCAI was 1.33 days longer than female patients. HCAI leads to a rise in inpatient extra LOS in China. HCAI's impact on extra LOS is different among subgroups, with the age below 65, male and medicine department more sensitive. Interventions are needed during the hospitalization of the patient to prevent infection.