Khan AI, Rashid MM, Islam MT, et al. - Given that cholera remains a major public health problem in Bangladesh despite advances in prevention, detection, and treatment, researchers sought to better understand the magnitude and geographic distribution of cholera. Via performing systematic hospital-based cholera surveillance among diarrhea patients in 22 sites throughout Bangladesh from 2014 to 2018, they enrolled 26,221 diarrhea patients. Of these, 6.2% (n = 1,604) cases were of V. cholerae O1. Among children < 5 years, cholera was positive in 2.1% of diarrhea patients and among patients ≥ 5 years, cholera was positive in 9.5% of diarrhea patients. In Dhaka and Chittagong Division, consistently high proportion of cholera was evident. Across the country, biannual seasonal peaks (pre- and postmonsoon) were noted for cholera, with higher cholera positivity during the postmonsoon in western regions and during the premonsoon season in eastern regions. An increase in cholera risk was observed with age, occupation, and recent history of diarrhea among household members. Findings emphasize prioritizing cholera-prone areas to control the disease by the implementation of targeted interventions.