Effects of single and integrated water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on child soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Kenya
PLoS Medicine Jul 11, 2019
Pickering AJ, et al. - Researchers conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (WASH Benefits) to evaluate the effect of single and integrated water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on child soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections. For this investigation, pregnant women have been registered into the cluster-randomized controlled trial from Kakamega, Bungoma, and Vihiga counties in Kenya’s western region. After 2 years of intervention exposure, parasite infections were measured. Among young children in Kenya, water treatment alone and integrated water, sanitation, and handwashing interventions can sustainably reduce roundworm (Ascaris) infection prevalence. Improved nutrition has not increased the effectiveness of water, sanitation, and handwashing interventions, and Giardia has not been reduced by any of the interventions. Integrating enhanced water quality, sanitation, and handwashing might contribute to sustainable control strategies for Ascaris infections, especially in similar settings with recent or ongoing deworming programs. There were no further advantages to combining nutrition with water treatment, sanitation, and handwashing (WSH), and water treatment alone was likewise efficient to integrated WSH. The findings provide new evidence that drinking water as a transmission pathway for Ascaris should be given greater attention.
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