Bolaños-Meade J, et al. - Given that non-myeloablative haploidentical related bone marrow transplantation with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide limited graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as well as expanded the donor pool in cases treated for severe haemoglobinopathies; 50% of patients suffered graft failure despite full host haemopoietic recovery, researchers determined if improved engraftment could be achieved by increasing total body irradiation from 200 cGy to 400 cGy while maintaining the safety profile. They included only those patients who were 2–70 years of age and were receiving their first bone marrow transplant. A substantial attenuation in graft failure was observed by increasing total body irradiation to 400 cGy while maintaining the safety of haploidentical bone marrow transplantation with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide. Findings revealed the possibility of engraftment post-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation for haemoglobinopathies. Also, this strategy might address primary graft failure (the main problem previously reported). Not to limit this curative approach to patients with HLA-matched donors was recommended.