Eitan A, et al. - Researchers compared valve in valve (VIV)-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) to native valve procedures (NV-TAVR) with respect to the risk for brain lesions. For inclusion in this study, the patients were required to have received a Sapien-3 or an Evolut-R valve for an NV-TAVR or VIV-TAVR and a diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) within 3–5 days following the procedure. NV-TAVR was performed on 209 patients and VIV-TAVR on 41 patients. The participants in the VIV group were found to be significantly younger (mean 82.3 vs 74.7 years old) but exhibited higher mean EuroSCORE II (4.8 vs 7.8). Lower incidence and number of brain lesions according to DW-MRI, were reported in relation to VIV procedures, vs native valves; these were explained by lower patients' age and lower rate of postdilatation.