Pan J, et al. - In order to ensure a timely treatment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), serological biomarkers for early ESCC diagnosis are required and therefore researchers assessed the performance of a four-autoantibody panel (ie, anti-TP53, HRAS, CTAG1A, and NSG1) for the early diagnosis of ESCC in this study utilizing 569 retrospective serum samples and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Findings revealed that early ESCC cases were significantly differentiated from the controls, with 62.8% sensitivity at 88.9% specificity in the training set and with 58.0% sensitivity at 90.0% specificity in the independent validation set, using the four-autoantibody panel. Overall, the performance of a four-autoantibody panel was good for early ESCC diagnosis with ELISA. Also, this panel could be further developed into a multiplex assay using the Luminex xMAP technology.