Luk AOY, et al. - In this investigation, researchers compared the incidence of diabetes-related complications and mortality in subjects with young-onset type 2 diabetes with or without anti-GAD antibodies and subjects with type 1 diabetes. Before and after the start of insulin therapy stratified by antibody status, they determined changes in glycemic control. In 8.1% of patients with type 2 diabetes (GAD+), anti-GAD antibodies were positive. According to findings, anti-GAD positivity identifies a group of patients with different prognosis compared to non-antibodies patients and patients with type 1 diabetes. Compared with counterparts without anti-GAD antibodies (GAD−), patients with GAD+ had a lower hazard of CVD, a higher hazard of severe hypoglycemia, and a similar hazard of ESRD and mortality as seen in multivariate Cox regression. ESRD were more likely to develop in patients with GAD+ vs patients with type 1 diabetes, but there was no difference seen in the hazards of severe hypoglycemia, CVD, and mortality. In the sub-set of new insulin users (n = 304), patients with GAD+ had larger reductions in HbA1c than patients with GAD−after 12 months of insulin use.